Symbolism In Susan Glaspells A Jury Of Her Peers - 827 Words

Its not what you did, its why you did it. Susan Glaspells A Jury of Her Peers describes the murder investigation of John Wright. Townspeople assumed Minnie Wright is guilty of murdering her husband and as a result, she is imprisoned so that a group of men can inspect her home for clues. The men bring along two women, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters, to gather some personal belongings for Mrs. Wright. The men search for a motive to prove Mrs. Wright’s guilt meanwhile, the women discover why she committed the crime and judge her justified in her action. Through theme, symbolism, and imagery, Glaspell illustrates that oppressed women form bonds and have a different perception of events than men. Glaspell shows that the shared experiences of†¦show more content†¦When the two women come across the empty, broken bird-cage, they ponder the reason for the broken door and the fate of the canary who occupied it. Later they discover the dead bird wrapped in silk with its neck broken, presumably by the hands of Mr. Wright. The bird symbolizes Minnie Foster, the young choir girl. The dead bird symbolizes Minnie after marriage, when she loses her spirit, and the cage symbolizes her husband who mistreats and isolates her. While describing Mrs. Wright, Mrs. Hale compares her to the bird when she says to Mrs. Peters, She used to sing real pretty herself†. ( 576) Literary critic Janet Stobbs Wright states, Only as a picture emerges of the way in which Minnie Foster has been changed by her marriage to John Wright, is a process of identification between the two women initiated. Mrs. Wright’s apron is also a symbol of oppression suffered by women. With dullness, she pleats it while giving details of her husband’s death. From the jail where it is obviously of no use to her, she requests that the apron be brought to her. The apron represents her identity of being a subservient housewife. The murder of her husband stripped her of this identity likewise, her marriage had taken her former identity of a choir girl. Being labeled a criminal is uncomfortable for her therefore, the want of her apron reflects that she has not yet accepted this new identity. Mrs. Peters seems to understand the need for her apron as she states, â€Å"I supposeShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Use of Symbolism in Susan Glaspells a Jury of Her Peer933 Words   |  4 PagesSAMPLE ON THE USE OF SYMBOLISM IN SUSAN GLASPELLS A JURY OF HER PEER Susan Glaspells short story, A Jury of Her Peers, was written long before the modern womens movement began, yet her story reveals, through Glaspells use of symbolism, the role that women are expected to play in society. Glaspell illustrates how this highly stereotypical role can create oppression for women and also bring harm to men as well. Character names are very important in A Jury of her Peers. The two characters,Read MoreFeminism at Its Best810 Words   |  3 Pagescentury. In â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers,† Susan Glaspell articulates the suffrage women of her time had to endure brought on by the weaker sex stereotype that had plagued the human brain for quite some time. Annenberg Learner states that the short story is based on a true event Susan Glaspell had covered in 1900 while working as a reporter for Des Moines Daily News (Annenberg Learner; Glaspell 179). At first, â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers† was known as a play by Glaspell called â€Å"Trifles.† A year later, Susan GlaspellRead MoreSusan Glaspell s `` The Yellow Wallpaper `` And A Jury Of Her Peers ``2004 Words   |  9 Pagesfor fairness even in today’s society. This everlasting battle can be seen in both â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers† by Susan Glaspell. Gilman ’s story revolves around a woman who has postpartum depression. Her husband, who is also her physician, uses isolation to try and heal his wife’s â€Å"nervous disease.† Glaspell’s story, on the other hand, describes the murder of a man, with his wife being the prime suspect. This story is clearly about a battle of theRead MoreSusan Glaspell s A Jury Of Her Peers1408 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up in Iowa in the 1800s and 1900s, Susan Glaspell took inspiration for many of her stories from personal experiences. As a former courthouse reporter herself, Glaspell’s short story â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers† is based largely on her involvement with a murder case and a kitchen she recalled investigating. â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers,† a rendition of her early play, Trifles, focuses on the homicide of an abusive husband by his wife. While the men investigating the case overlook the various signs of abuseRead More Susan Glaspells Trifles and A Jury of Her Peers Essay1754 Words   |  8 Pages In the early 1900s Susan Glaspell wrote many works, two stand out, the play Trifles and the short story A Jury of Her Peers. Trifles was written in 1920, while A Jury of Her Peers was written the following year. Trifles was written in only ten days. The true greatness of these works were not recognized until the 1970s. In the short story A Jury of Her Peers a woman named Minnie Wright is accused of the murder of her husband. Minnie Wright is a farmers wife and is also isolatedRead MoreThe Use of Symbols in Susan Glaspell’s Play Trifles1421 Words   |  6 PagesDavenport, Iowa Susan Glaspell was born. Susan was one of those writers that women’s inferiority in society bothered her. She wrote several literary works which are strongly feminist and discusses the roles that women forced to play in society and the relationships between men and women. She earned a Bachelor’s degree in 1899, in Drake University and worked on the staff of the Des Moines Daily News as a journalist. Her first novel, The Glory of the Conquered, was published in 1809 and her short storiesRead MoreTiffles Annotated Bibliography1375 Words   |  6 PagesTrifles Annotated Bibliography Alkalay-Gut, Karen. Jury of Her Peers: The Importance of Trifles. Studies in Short Fiction 21 (Winter 1984): 1-9. In this deeper look into Trifles, Karen goes through the plot and discusses what you should pay more attention too. She describes the symbolism in some of the objects as well as explain the scenes and their little details. Karen finds the difference between male and female perceptions of judgment to be central to the play. She explains that youRead More Breaking the Bonds of Oppression in Susan Glaspells A Jury of Her Peers1334 Words   |  6 PagesBreaking the Bonds of Oppression in A Jury of Her Peers  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Susan Glaspell’s A Jury of Her Peers is a view into the lives of farmer’s wives in the Midwest at the turn of the century. These women live in a male dominated world, where the men consider them incompetent and frivolous. The only identity they have is that associated with their husbands. They stay at the farmhouse to complete their repetitive and exhausting chores. The wives have little or no contact with the otherRead MoreSusan Glaspell s A Jury Of Her Peers Essay1789 Words   |  8 Pagesdepending upon the viewer. In Susan Glaspell’s, A Jury of Her Peers, the idea of who is capable to fairly judge a person, and therefore serve justice, is examined through the arrest of Mrs. Minnie Wright for the murder of her husband. As the sheriff and others go to the Wrights’ house, the suggestion is made that those empowered by law to cast judgement and those with an understanding of fairness are not always the same, and thus justice may not be served. Using symbolism, along with the title of theRead MoreThe Role Of Women In The Doll House And Trifles1667 Words   |  7 Pageswomen have been handed a subservient role to her male counterpoint. Females in the late 19th and early 20th century were treated like a second-class citizen, and were thought of as being the weaker sex. It was the women’s job to stay home to cook and raise the children. While these are still prevalent issues, it is also true that things has gotten better for some women in recent years. Works like â€Å"The Doll House† by Henrik Ibsen and â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell have helped advance the idea of what

Managing the International Value Chain in the Automotive...

Managing the International Value Chain in the Automotive Industry Strategy, Structure, and Culture Stefan Schmid, Philipp Grosche Table of contents Foreword Authors Acknowledgments International value chains: Current trends and future needs, as exemplified by the automotive industry 1. Internationalizationofthevaluechainintheautomotiveindustry 2. Configurationandcoordinationascrucialdimensionsinshapinginternational  valuechains 3. Bestpracticesandoptionsformanagingtheinternationalvaluechain Glocal value creation in the Volkswagen Group: Moving toward greater decentralization of production and development 1. TheVolkswagenGroup’snewglobalstrategy 2.†¦show more content†¦areshowing alarmingweakness,havingrestedfortoolong onthelaurelsoftheirearliersuccessesandfailingtorecognizechangesthatweretakingplace inthemarket. solelybysuchfactorsascost-savingproduction,leanprocessdesignorinnovativecapacity.Inordertoprofitfromtheglobalmarket,a companymustbeabletocreateandmanagean internationalvaluenetworkanddelegatevalue functionstothepropersites.Thisappliesto salesandprocurementaswellastolaborand capitalmarkets. Despitepredictionsthatglobalizationwouldlead toahomogeneousworldmarketwithbarelydifferentiatedproducts,ithasbecomeclearthat culturaldifferencesstillplayamajorrolein customers’purchasingdecisionsandinthecommitmentofacompany’semployees.Moreover, therearesubstantialdifferencesintheproductionandquality-relatedprocessesneededinthe emergingmarketsrelativetotheindustrialized countries,andthisaffectseverythingfromproductuse,pricinganddevelopmentpotentialto distributionandcommunicationschannels. StefanieSohm Project manager 6 Today,thechallengeforacompanycompeting ontheinternationalstageistoadjustquicklyto localcircumstanceswhilesimultaneouslyintegratingitsdivisionsandsitesworldwide,based onidenticalprinciplesandasharedunderstandingofthecompany’spurposeandobjectives. IntegratingthevarioussitesintocorporateShow MoreRelatedValue Chain1020 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary Value chain management has become more and more important in industry in past decades. This report provides an insight view of value chain in automotive industry and then examine leadership role of engineer in value chain management. Furthermore, the report will analyse why engineer is so important in management of value chain. Analysis of value chain Automotive industry plays an important pillar role in the economic development of all countries. This is because the developmentRead MoreDrivers For Automotive Manufacturing Industry1631 Words   |  7 PagesDrivers for automotive manufacturing industry To secure and maintain the long term future of the automotive industry in terms of growing the share of the value chain and by getting ahead in the field of research and development (RD) on ultra-low emission vehicles. This strategy sets out the drivers for the automotive manufacturing industry. †¢ Legislation: Governments all over the world is enforcing legislations to protect the environment based on the international agreement on climate change (KyotoRead MoreManaging the Complexities of the Change Process Relating to Supply Chain Performance1093 Words   |  4 PagesManaging The Complexities of the Change Process Relating To Supply Chain Performance Introduction With every industry facing greater turbulence and uncertainty there is a corresponding urgent need for concepts, frameworks, models and methodologies that provide enterprises with greater intelligence and agility in responding to threats and opportunities. The unique or special series of issues that complicate the change process are detailed in this analysis. Of the many industries faced with theRead MoreOperations Strategy : Hyundai Automotive Industry937 Words   |  4 PagesOperations Strategy : Hyundai Automotive Industry Question 1. The automotive industry is one of the main ingredients of the Korean national growth. In 2004, Hyundai Motor Company had $57.2 billion in sales in South Korea making it the country s second largest corporation. It is also the world s seventh largest car maker. In 1998, Hyundai acquired rival Kia Motors. This acquisition brings the first element of the firm competitive strategyRead MoreCase Study : Business Entrepreneurship Principles1730 Words   |  7 Pageschanging rapidly so as new technologies were aware. As the technology comes, new industries are built in different sectors. This case study is about industries that are growing in the United States. How they are growing and what are the reasons and problems they are facing while developing a company is mentioned in this case. From the Startup This case study describes five industries that are growing. When an industry manifests earnings and revenue figures, then it shows the sign that they areRead MoreVirtual Teams For New Product Development Case Study936 Words   |  4 PagesAnother research by Nader, Ahmed and Zahari (2009) on â€Å"Virtual teams for new product development as an innovative experience in research and development engineers† also shared the same observations by noting that, organizations in automotive industry can gain insights on product launching through free knowledge that can be obtained from internet sources, before executing their internal plans. According to him, this knowledge should first be synthesized by the employees through special meetings andRead MoreA Brief Note On Systems And Logistics Support Management1070 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade or so the competitive global market has made a big influence in the growing for external business. Third party logistics providers are more and more employing external companies for inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and other value added activities for customer services. Third party logistics ultimate goal is to provide a competitive advantage to the organization for which they are serving. According to Cardinal Logistics (2012), â€Å"Third-Party Logistics is an effective way toRead MoreA Report On The Automotive Industry Essay2182 Words   |  9 Pages1. INTRODUCTION The automotive industry in India is one of the largest automotive markets in the world, previously one of the fastest growing markets globally. It started out as a small venture in the 1940s but witnessed a rapid growth with the entry of some big manufacturers like Mahindra Mahindra and Maruti in mid and late 1900s. In 2000, this industry became an important sector of the Indian economy and a major foreign exchange earner for the country. The Shiv group was one of the largest industrialRead MoreA Brief Note On Systems And Logistics Support Management1036 Words   |  5 Pagesdecade or so the competitive global market has made a big influence in the growing for external business. Third party logistics providers are more and more employing external companies for inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and other value added activities for customer services. Third party logistics ultimate goal is to provide a competitive advantage to the organization for which they are serving. Overview of Third Party Logistics Between the year ofRead MoreManaging Supply Chain And Operations : An Integrative Approach1363 Words   |  6 PagesFoster, T., Sampson, S., Wallin, C., Webb, S. (2015). Managing supply Chain and Operations: An Integrative Approach. New York, NY: Pearson. All four authors are a professor of global supply chain management at Brigham Young University. The whole book is focused on the key functions of supply chain, operations, and customer relationship management with the special focus on the areas of improvement, innovation, and integration. We took a close look at the section called â€Å"Providing Feedback: The Supplier

Marketing Strategy and Plan Of Seeka Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategy and Plan Of Seeka Australia. Answer: Introduction Marketing Plan is defined as a comprehensive written document which identifies specific goals and outlines marketing efforts to achieve that specific goal. It is part of overall business plan. Important objectives of any marketing plan are effective communication of proposed outlined marketing efforts to all stakeholders, verification of internal consistency with proposed plan and helping in managements decision making (Chernev, 2015). This report discussed Seeka Australia in the aspect of marketing strategy and plan. Seeka was established in 1980 and grown to one of the largest producer, grower, supplier and marketer of kiwifruit in Australia and New Zealand. Seeka Australia Pty Limited is 100% owned subsidiary of Seeka Limited. This company falls under consumer products industry and its sub-industry category is agricultural producers. Australian agriculture industry has competitive advantage due to its strong export focus (Seeka, 2015). The importance of agriculture industry has in creased in manifolds all around the world. Seeka has strong domestic market presence and it is working on its expansion plan to enter untapped international market as European market. In European market, quality produce of Seeka has an opportunity to generate higher returns. Value Analysis Seeka Australias product portfolio includes Australian produce such as Apricots, Cherries, European Pears, Nashi Pears and Plums. From Australian orchards, Seeka produce Hayward kiwifruit. It also imports topical fruits like pineapple, banana and papaya from Philippines and Ecuador. Its major service portfolio includes orchard leasing and management, harvest and post-harvest services including packing and storing and integrated marketing services. European market is a major producer and consumer for kiwifruit. In European market, presence of major industry players made the market more competitive. The major market players are Kiwi Fruit Garden Ltd., Zespri and Novagrim and many others. There is huge scope of growth in European market as importance of kiwifruit got increased in consumer health aspect and in turn it has increased market opportunity in a sustainable way. Seeka has to design its value proposition in accordance with its consumer and market dynamics. As the market is chara cterised with huge customer demand, Seeka has to plan detailed consumer orientation including how their products and services may serve market an in better manner. Mentioned competitors have strong presence in the market as their learning about the market is more extensive than Seeka. Sustainable competitive advantage, people, management, leadership, technology and innovation aspect of Seeka will play an important in reducing cost and exploring benefiting opportunities in European market. While entering into the European market, Seeka has to create brand awareness in the niche market and has to create consumer knowledge about their offerings to survive sustainably. The cost of production and transportation has to be well planned to strategies its market operations in Europe (Scrimgeour and Locke, 2015). As the European market is dominated by local players, Seeka has to price its products accordingly to make an impactful entry into the market. Also it has to maintain its quality as t hey offer select excellence. To strategize future growth of Seeka in European market, it has to adopt market development strategy as it is entering into new market with its existing product offerings. It has to use its strong domestic national market brand image, recognition and specific product category to make this strategy successful. To develop its market, Seeka needs to re-strategize its advertising programs and position its brand into the market as valuable alternative to the consumers (Nuttavuthisit and Thgersen, 2017). Analysis of Uncontrollable Forces Business organisations operate in dynamic business environment and they need to be adaptive with some uncontrollable forces. In this context various political, economic, social, technological and legal aspects are discussed. PESTL Analysis Political - European kiwifruit industry is highly regulated and its export is accompanied by phytosanitory certificate to ensure the kiwifruit is pest and disease free. In recent scenario, imposed stipulations regarding country specific exports are not present in European market. Economical - The economic situation is favourable as there is increasing expenditure on kiwifruit per capita. This industry is experiencing huge price decline due to increased supply from larger number of growers and industry de-regulations. Social - There is considerable social impact of supplying kiwifruit as it impacts life of consumers and growers. Inclusion of kiwifruit in healthy diet also increases the demand for kiwifruit. Technology - Technological innovation is impactful as market is competitive and it is necessary to grow more kiwifruit with less land and use of labour. Legal - To maintain industry reputation and quality standards, adaptive legal framework has been adopted. It impacts the business operations and context competition (Mowat, 2014). Porter Five Forces Industry potential and profitability can be determined through five forces model. Threat of new entrant is low as in European market there are established local players which are dominating this market such as Kiwi Fruit Garden Ltd., Ziel Company, WG Mora Freres SA, Zespri, Enza, Novagrim, SAS Blue Whale, Sperchios Kiwi, Intermediazioni Ortofrutticole Trestini, Sunnykiwi Co. Ltd., Nergi, Bruno Elio SRL and Kiwi Arta. Bargaining power of buyer is high as kiwifruit is a niche market product. As buyer power is high, Seeka has to adopt differentiation strategy to survive in European market. Bargaining power of supplier is low as there are many suppliers present in the market. To grow in such market, Seeka must produce and supply quality products. Threat of substitution is high as consumers can easy shift to another related fruits, in such case Seeka has to plan for consumer education and awareness programs regarding unique nutrition value of kiwifruit. Degree of rivalry is very high as k iwifruits have very small portion of supermarket shelves space. This competition is increasing with time as kiwifruit is fighting to gain increased shelves space in grocery stores. Also, Seeka needs to compete with other industry players for the same. Seeka must strategically plan out their business with differentiation strategy, educating target consumer groups, and satisfying consumers with unique value proposition (Huggins and Izushi, 2015). Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Overall European market can be segmented as institutional customers for business to business and individual consumers for business to consumers aspect. For b2b segment, Seeka should target luxury hotels, food processing industries, cafes, wholesalers and retailers which are organised; and for b2c segment the target would be health conscious consumers. As, European market is populated with established players, Seeka has to plan strategically about their positioning strategy. To get into the mind of customers, they need to plan and implement kiwifruit positioning in a modern prospective. In this aspect, collaborative marketing program can be an important strategic choice as this strategy adopted by Seeka earlier in its domestic market such as Australia and New Zealand. The brand introduction of Seeka has to be aligned with companys core competencies and business strategies to create a sustainable impact in the market aligned with its domestic scope of business. Regarding branding proce ss in European market, Seeka must focus on parameters like safety standards, quality standards and customer relationship. In this, market availability of the same products from competitors makes this market more competitive. To grow and survive in this market they should focus on niche marketing and focused marketing programs to create customer knowledge about brand Seeka (Gengler and Mulvey, 2017). While in market, other competitors are focused on costing of the kiwifruits, strategy for Seeka would be quality kiwifruits and diversified verity of kiwifruits. More ranges of offering from Seeka will provide customers a wide range of choice and to be connected with Seeka as prime choice of kiwifruits brand. In a cost competitive market, Seeka can engage its business operations through creating more customer value. Seeka had produced 32.3 million trays of kiwifruit in past year and also produced 1,791 tonnes of European pears. Seeka is now focused with their rebranding program in their domestic market so they can optimise their market opportunities in European market alongside (Seeka Annual Report, 2016). Marketing Mix Attractiveness of Kiwifruit Industry in Europe is increasing, Seeka with their entry into the market needs to prepare and meet the market requirements through designing and implementing changed marketing mix which is predominantly focused with target market. Product - Seeka has desired product line width such as only green, shallow, gold, and organic but they do not have reasonable depth of their product line. Seeka Management should focus on increasing the product line depth through introducing new products like canned kiwifruit and kiwifruit juice. It would help Seeka in getting much longer shelf life and display of Seeka brand would be more. It will help in brand recognition in long term. This company has narrow brand recognition level in external market space; they should focus on building brand community in both b2b and b2c context. Place - In a highly competitive market, Seeka must revamp their distribution strategy with much more focused orientation towards technology. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can be helpful in this aspect as it can provide information regarding when and where products are moving. It would be also helpful in handling returning products more efficiently. Focus on supply chain of Seeka would be helpful in success in European market. Seeka operates its own Supply Chain Company and for intermediary supply they have also partnered with Woolsworth. But partnering with such retailer can increase profit margin but it will impact Seeka as brand as Woolsworth is also supplying other kiwifruits brands along with Seeka. In present context, Seeka should consider the fact of increasing their supply scope through partnering with more local supermarkets in European market. It would mitigate the risk of distribution structure. Price - Ability to maintain lower internal cost will help Seeka to price low its products. Automation in internal processes will decrease labour cost and focus on paying higher rates to growers will maintain continuous supply of kiwifruits. With partnership with local supermarket, Seeka can plan out various different pricing strategies aligned with bundling, discounts and sales promotions. Promotion - Seeka has very strong promotional aspect as it deals with renowned supermarkets and b2b context it has an image of safe and reliable company. This company is lacking in its online presence, now it has to focus on its online presence strategy. It can introduce mobile app for its b2b and b2c customer group as it will improve customer interaction. It will lead to more brand recognition. It can also focus on brick and mortar promotional activities and these can impact awareness of kiwifruit to larger customer group. Specific marketing message should be developed in order to make a place in the customers mind (Barrett and Weinstein, 2015). Overall, Seeka has to reinvent its marketing mix for its European market and should strategize its marketing strategies more concerned with b2c target market. It should create a strong business position in retail market prospect. As European kiwifruit market is growing, Seeka must take this opportunity of ideal market entry into Europe market. Internal cost effectiveness; strong distribution channel partnering and use of innovative technologies will guide them in designing their marketing mix more market oriented. Analysing Competitors In European market, industry players are focused with cost leadership strategy and strategically enjoying more market share. Seeka as new entrant in the market should adopt differentiation strategy to counter established market players like Zespri which is a global leader, Enza, Sunnykiwi, Nergi, Novagrim and many more. The local market knowledge will play the substantial difference creator in European kiwifruit market. Seeka needs to establish its brand image as quality provider in the market as well as cost effective to customers. Strategic development of supply chain can put Seeka at upper position to counter intensified competition. Product innovations also impact the competitors by influencing customers in their purchase decision making. Seeka must profile its related competitors on the basis of products offered, pricing tags, target customers, resources strengths and marketing strategies (Jones and Mowatt, 2016). Conclusion Estimated 1.5 Billion USD Kiwifruit market is attractive business opportunity. It can be concluded that Seeka as an established market player in Australia and New Zealand should explore European market to grow its present business in international market. Seeka can stay ahead of competition in chosen market as they have strong experience in producing, growing, supplying and marketing kiwifruits (Seeka, 2016). It should focus to increase accessibility, creating more connectivity with customers, designing its pricing strategies to fit in chosen target segments, increased importance on online channel and must engage in brand awareness programs in new market. These activities will help Seeka to hold a strong position in European market. References Barrett, H., Weinstein, A. (2015). Corporate entrepreneurship, the marketing mix, and business performance. InProceedings of the 1997 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 144-150). Springer, Cham. Chernev, A. (2015). The Marketing Plan Handbook (4th ed.). Cerebellum Press. Gengler, C. E., Mulvey, M. S. (2017). Planning pre-launch positioning: Segmentation via willingness-to-pay and means-end brand differentiators. Journal of Brand Management, 24(3), 230-249. Huggins, R., Izushi, H. (2015). The Competitive Advantage of Nations: origins and journey.Competitiveness Review,25(5), 458-470. Jones, G., Mowatt, S. (2016). National image as a competitive disadvantage: the case of the New Zealand organic food industry.Business History,58(8), 1262-1288. Mowat, A. D. (2014, August). Market oriented assessment of the environmental impact of the New Zealand kiwifruit value chain. InXXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014): 1112(pp. 439-446). Nuttavuthisit, K., Thgersen, J. (2017). The importance of consumer trust for the emergence of a market for green products: The case of organic food.Journal of Business Ethics,140(2), 323-337. Scrimgeour, F. G., Locke, S. M. (2015). Review of Kiwifruit New Zealand. Seeka (2017). Corporate Profile 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://www.seeka.co.nz/vdb/document/140 Seeka (2017). Annual Report 2016 Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://www.seeka.co.nz/vdb/document/182

This Is Just A Trick Essay Research free essay sample

This Is Merely A Trick! Essay, Research Paper The History of a Hobgoblin hypertext transfer protocol: //www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/4198/puckages.html One of the most popular characters in English folklore of the last thousand old ages has been the fairy, hob, Satan or elf known by the name of Puck or Robin Goodfellow. The Welsh called him Pwca, which is pronounced the same as his Irish embodiment Phouka, Pooka or Puca. These are far from his lone names. Parallel words exist in many antediluvian linguistic communications # 8211 ; puca in Old English, puki in Old Norse, rotter in Swedish, puge in Danish, puks in Low German, pukis in Latvia and Lithuania # 8212 ; largely with the original significance of a devil, Satan or immorality and malignant spirit # 8230 ; Because of this similarity it is unsure whether the original puca sprang from the inventive heads of the Scandinavians, the Germans or the Irish. -Gillian Edwards, Hobgoblin and Sweet Puck p. We will write a custom essay sample on This Is Just A Trick Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 143 Indeed, Pouk was a typical mediaeval term for the Satan. For illustration, Langland one time called Hell # 8220 ; Pouk # 8217 ; s Pinfold. # 8221 ; And the Phouka was sometimes pictured as a awful animal with the caput of an buttocks. Truly a Satan to lay eyes on. The Welsh Pwca besides did non fit our modern construct of delicacy tinkerbell faeries. Harmonizing to Louise Imogen Guiney, a provincial drew the Pwca as # 8220 ; a fagot small figure, long and grotesque, and looked something like a poulet half out of his shell # 8221 ; . As a shape-shifter, Puck has had many visual aspects over the old ages. He # 8217 ; s been in the signifier of animate beings, like how the Phouka can go a Equus caballus, bird of Jove or buttocks. He # 8217 ; s been a unsmooth, haired animal in many versions. One Irish narrative has him as an old adult male. He # 8217 ; s been pictured like a Brownie or a hobbit. In some pictures, he looks like Pan from Greek mythology. In others he looks like an guiltless kid. And a modern sketch show portrays him as a silver-haired hob. Puck used his shape-shifting to do mischievousness. For illustration, the Phouka would turn into a Equus caballus and lead people on a wild drive, sometimes dumping them in H2O. The Welsh Pwca would take travels with a lantern and so blow it out when they were at the border of a drop. Bing misled by a Puck ( sometimes the legends speak of Pucks, Pookas and Robin Goodfellows in the plural ) was known in the Midlands as being # 8220 ; pouk-ledden. # 8221 ; That # 8217 ; s a batch like the phrase Pixy-led, which described a similar action on the portion of the Somerset fairies known as elfs. Some believe the term Pixy is derived from Puck. Yet another look for being lost is # 8220 ; Robin Goodfellow has been with you tonight. # 8221 ; There # 8217 ; s a mention to this at least every bit early as 1531. Robin Goodfellow is one of the fairies known as hobgoblins or merely goblin. Hob is a short signifier for the name Robin or Robert ( # 8221 ; the hob named Robin # 8221 ; . ) Robin itself was a mediaeval moniker for the Satan. Robin Goodfellow was non merely celebrated for shape-shifting and deceptive travelers. He was besides a helpful domestic sprite much like the Brownies. He would clean houses and such in exchange for some pick or milk. If offered new apparels, he # 8217 ; d halt cleansing. There are narratives of the Phouka and Pwca making similar workss. Ironically, Reginald Scot wrote in 1584 that belief in Robin Goodfellow was non every bit strong as it had been a century earlier. In fact, Robin was about to acquire some large interruptions in Renaissance show concern. There # 8217 ; s a record for a Robin Goodfellow lay in 1588. And a little less than a decennary subsequently, William Shakespeare gave his Puck the name and nature of the more benevolent Robin Goodfellow. However, Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Puck is more closely tied to the faery tribunal than most Robin goodfellows or Robin Goodfellows. Here # 8217 ; s a long citation from A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream. It # 8217 ; s from a meeting between Puck and one of Titania # 8217 ; s faeries. I think it sums up Robin Goodfellow # 8217 ; s nature better than I could. Fairy Either I mistake your form and doing rather, Or else you are that shrewd and knavish fairy Called Robin Goodfellow. Are non you he That frights the maidens of the villagery, Skim milk, and sometimes labor in the quern, And bootless make the breathless homemaker churn, And sometime do the drink to bear no yeast, Mislead night-wanders, express joying at their injury? Those that Hobgoblin call you, and sweet Puck, You do their work, and they shall hold good fortune. Are you non he? Puck Thou speakest aright ; I am that merry roamer of the dark. I jest to Oberon, and do him smile When I a fat and bean-fed Equus caballus beguile, Neighing in similitude of a filly foal ; And sometime lurk I in a chitchat # 8217 ; s bowl In really similitude of a roasted crab, And when she drinks, against her lips I bob And on her shriveled dewlap pour the ale. The wisest aunt, stating the saddest narrative, Sometime for three-foot stool mistaketh me ; Then faux pas I from her rotter, down topples she, And # 8216 ; seamster # 8217 ; calls, and falls into a cough ; And so the whole quire hold their hips and laugh, And waxen in their hilarity, and neeze, and curse A merrier hr was neer wasted at that place. # 8211 ; A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream, Act II, scene I Having Shakespeare as a publicizer surely did non ache Puck or Robin Goodfellow # 8217 ; s calling. Prior to Shakespeare, who may hold been influenced by the Welsh Pwca, Puck and Robin Goodfellow were considered separate animals. Now they are considered the same animal. Robin Goodfellow appeared in more dramas around 1600. And there were many seventeenth century circular laies about him. Click here to see two of these laies. In these laies, Robin Goodfellow is the boy of Oberon, the faery male monarch, and a mortal adult female. He pulls buffooneries, shape-shifts into assorted animate beings and the foolish fire known as the Will O # 8217 ; The Wisp, gets into problem and does the sort of thing described in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s drama. Robin # 8217 ; s brand laugh is # 8220 ; Ho Ho Ho! # 8221 ; One 1628 lay vocal may hold written by Shakespeare # 8217 ; s imbibing brother, the great Jacobean ( in the reign of James I, the male monarch after Elizabeth I ) playwright Ben Jonson. And Ben Jonson surely knew his pranksters. The Puck-Hairy or Robin-Goodfellow is a character in his unfinished Robin Hood drama, The Sad Shepherd. There may be a connexion between Robin Hood and Robin Goodfellow. Many Pagans feel Robin Hood was originally a fairy or Pagan God. I think that instance is overstated, as there is small charming in the earliest Robin Hood narratives. But still, the two Robin have some things in common. Both had a preference for giving travelers a difficult clip. Puck was a shape-shifter, and Robin Hood a maestro of camouflage. And Gillian Edwards notes that the Goodfellow in Robin Goodfellow # 8217 ; s name could either intend a blessing comrade or stealer. # 8220 ; If you were one of Hood # 8217 ; s ar chers and looked upon him as a blessing comrade, or the Sheriff of Nottingham and pursued him as a stealer, you might see him every bit well-named Robin Goodfellow.† Since the Robin Goodfellow laies appear subsequently than the Robin Hood 1s, it’s possible that the fairy may hold taken his name from the criminal — non the other manner around. Even though after Shakespeare fairies seemed more delicacy and unoffending than their heroic or diabolic medieval signifiers, Puck and Robin Goodfellow still had their critics. Puritans, like Robert Burton, felt faeries were Satans, including # 8220 ; Hobgoblins, A ; Robin Goodfellows # 8221 ; . In his Anatomy of Melancholy, Burton writes # 8220 ; Terrestrial Satans, are those Lares, Genii, Faunes, Satyrs, Wood-nymphs, Foliots, Fairies, Robin Goodfellowes, Trulli, etc. which as they are most familiar with work forces, so they do them most harme. # 8221 ; ( Quoted in A Dictionary of Fairies by Katharine Briggs, p.53 ) But the hobgoblin so despised by seventeenth century Puritans became a much-beloved figure in kids # 8217 ; s literature in our ain century thanks to Rudyard Kipling. Two English kids, Dan and Una, were executing a simplified version of A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream, when Puck, the last of the People of the Hills ( he is offended by the term, faery ) appeared before them. Kipling used to play A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream with his ain kids. In a series of popular narratives collected in Puck of Pook # 8217 ; s Hill ( 1906 ) and Rewards and Fairies ( 1910 ) , Puck delighted Dan and Una with narratives, and visitants, from England # 8217 ; s yesteryear. Kipling # 8217 ; s Puck was really critical of the common image of faeries at the beginning of the twentieth century, which Puck said were made up things. # 8220 ; Can you inquire that the People of the Hills Don # 8217 ; t care to be confused with that painty-winged, wand-waving, sugar-and-shake-your-head set of imposters? Butterfly wings, so! # 8221 ; This Puck was # 8220 ; the oldest Old Thing in England # 8221 ; and immune to many of the traditional faery failings. # 8216 ; By Oak, Ash and Thorn, # 8217 ; cried Puck, taking off his bluish cap, # 8216 ; I like you excessively. Sprinkle plentifulness of salt on the biscuit, Dan, and I # 8217 ; ll eat it with you. That # 8217 ; ll demo you the kind of individual I am. Some of us # 8217 ; # 8212 ; he went on, with his oral cavity full # 8212 ; # 8216 ; couldn # 8217 ; t abide Salt, or Horse-shoes over a door, or Mountain-ash berries, or Runing Water, or Cold Iron, or the sound of Church bells. But I # 8217 ; m Puck! # 8217 ; Puck continues to start up in popular civilization. For illustration, the six-foot tall unseeable coney in the authoritative Jimmy Stewart movie Harvey is said to be a Pooka. And if being a film star ( albeit an unseeable one ) didn # 8217 ; t give Puck a big caput, holding a Moon named after him must hold. The 10th Moon of Uranus was discovered in 1985. It # 8217 ; s named Puck. Jacky Rowan, the heroine of Canadian writer Charles de Lint # 8217 ; s modern-day phantasy novel, Jack the Giant-Killer is referred to as a Puck. And in the subsequence, Drink Down the Moon, we meet Jemi Pook, a immature female Sax participant, who is the newest Pook of Puxill, the Faerie kingdom which overlaps the Ottawa-area Vincent Massey Park. One of the characters, observing the similarity to Kipling # 8217 ; s book, wondered which had come foremost. ( These novels are collected in Jack of Kinrowan. ) The Shakespearean Puck was sighted in de Lint # 8217 ; s fictional metropolis of Newford, in the short narrative aggregation The Ivory and the Horn. The connexion with Robin Hood is still strong. Robin goodfellow shows up as a silent and deep figure in Clayton Emery # 8217 ; s 1988 fresh Tales of Robin Hood. And in Parke Godwin # 8217 ; s Sherwood, Robin takes his name from the forest fairy. His female parent even calls him Puck-Robin. One of the alien Pucks has been Eugene Milton Judd aka Puck, a member of the Canadian superhero squad Alpha Flight. This crusty yet good-natured former soldier of fortune is named for both the Shakespearean elf and the hockey Puck. His acrobat stunts fit both types of Pucks. But whoever could of all time see the Puck of fable with the pugilist # 8217 ; s cauliflower ear that the Marvel Comics # 8217 ; Puck has? A more fabulous Puck has appeared in DC Comics/Vertigo # 8217 ; s dark fantasy series The Sandman. His first visual aspect is in issue 19, where he and the other existent fairies are invited to go to the first public presentation of A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream. With a hedgehog-like visual aspect, this Puck has some of the darker elements of the fable. For illustration, upon hearing the Shakespearian transition quoted above, the existent Peaseblossom remarks, # 8220 ; # 8216 ; I am that merry roamer of the dark # 8217 ; ? I am that giggling-dangerous-totally-bloody-psychotic-menance-to-life and limb, more like it. # 8221 ; At the terminal of the amusing, the fairies prepared to the depart the mortal kingdom for good. Auberon asks Puck to travel rapidly along. What, leave, my Godhead? When there are persons to confusticate and annoy? Travel you all. Your Puck will remain # 8212 ; the last hobgoblin in a drab universe. Ho ho Ho! # 8211 ; Neil Gaiman, Sandman # 19, A Midsummer Night # 8217 ; s Dream. That issue was the first and merely amusing book to win the World Fantasy Award for Best Short Story. It was much deserved, and Puck made farther visual aspects in the amusing series. Puck is besides a repeating character in the Disney sketch Gargoyles. The function is voiced by Brent Spiner ( Data on Star Trek: The Following Generation ) with the appropriate humor and irony. This Puck besides has a secret individuality for most of the series as the corporate bad cat # 8217 ; s faithful retainer, voiced wonderfully by Jeff Bennett. As Puck observes of all the parts a prankster has played, neer earlier has he been the consecutive adult male. The Disney Puck has a surprisingly big fan following. There are many web sites dedicated to the prankster and his prosaic alter self-importance, Owen. Some of them are churches. A church to Puck? I wonder what the Puritans would hold thought. Puck or Robin Goodfellow has had a long and colorful yesteryear. And judging from his recent visual aspects, he has a long and colorful future in front of him excessively. The undermentioned books were a great aid in composing this page. Briggs, Katharine, A Dictionary of Fairies, Penguin Books, London, 1977. Edwards, Gillian, Hobgoblin and Sweet Puck, Bles, London, 1974. Guiney, Louise Imogen, Brownies and Bogles, D. Lothrop Company, Boston, 1888. ( C ) Text Copyright 1997 Allen W. Wright # 8220 ; The Welsh Puck # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; The Irish Pooka # 8221 ; are by Edmund H. Garrett and look in Louise Imogen Guiney # 8217 ; s 1888 book, Brownies and Bogles. Woodcut Images are taken from assorted aggregations of old English laies. Puck ( C ) Marvel Characters, Inc. 1997, art by Scott Clark Puck ( C ) DC Comics Inc. 1997, art by Charles Vess Robin goodfellow from Gargoyles ( C ) BuenaVista Television, 1997. The usage of the images from DC and Marvel Comics and Disney are in no manner intended to conflict on their right of first publication of the graphics. They are used without permission for intents of reappraisal or remark under the # 8220 ; fair use # 8221 ; commissariats. This page is in no manner affiliated with those companies.